Technical Finishing & Dispensing Informaion



The following links and text are technical information commonly used in spray, powder, and wood finishing, as well as other industrial applications. This information was created to help you better understand your applications, or as a reference for common questions one can run into in these fields. To the best of our knowledge, this information is accurate and up-to-date, but this information is made available for reference only as engineering is best left up to the engineers.

Please contact us here with any questions!



Questions? 

 




Glossary of Paint Defect Terms

Even if you're an old pro, some of the terminology that's used in the fluid handling and paint finishing business can be confusing. Learn what "Blooming," "Orange Peel," "Pinholing" and dozens of other terms mean. 



Spray Application Overview

Our spray application overview teaches you everything you wanted to know about the differences between Air, Airless, Air-Assisted and Electrostatic spray equipment.



Spray Gun Troubleshooting: Trigger Happy

Trigger Happy: Learn how to properly adjust and troubleshoot spray patterns so your spray guns work the way they were intended.



Spray Gun Troubleshooting: Three C's

Three C's: Find out the cause and solution for many of the vexing issues you might encounter with your spray guns. 



Fluid Tip Selection

Need help selecting the right Fluid Tip for your project? Read through our quick tip selection guide for help.



Filtration Guide

Utilize this easy guide to better understand filtration and how to remove contaminants from fluid you are working with.





General Reference Information



Bead Size Diameter Vs. Volume Chart

Bead Size Diameter Conversion Chart

Round Bead Size Diameter (inches)

Cubic Inches per 1000

Lineal Feet

Approx. U.S. Gallons Per 1000 Lineal Feet Approx. Lineal Feed Per U.S. Gallon
1/16" 36.8 0.16 6000
3/32" 82.9 0.36 2700
1/8" 147.3 0.64 1500
3/16" 331.7 1.44 675
1/4' 589.1 2.55 375
5/16" 920.4 3.98 240
3/8" 1325.4 5.74 165
1/2" 2356.2 10.20 95
5/8" 3861.6 15.92 50
3/4" 5300.4 22.95 35
1" 9424.8 40.80 19

Standard Viscosities'

Based on 70 Degrees Fahrenheit

Acetone .3 centipoise (cps)
Adiprene (urethane) 35,000 centipoise (cps)
Benzine .5 centipoise (cps)
Blood 10 centipoise (cps)
Chocolate Syrup 10,000 centipoise (cps)
Corn Syrup 110,000 centipoise (cps)
Ethylene Glycol 16 centipoise (cps)
Glue (hot melt) 30,000,000 centipoise (cps)
Honey 3,000 centipoise (cps)
Ink 45,000 centipoise (cps)
Ketchup (Heinz) 50,000 centipoise (cps)
Lacquer 250-1,100 centipoise (cps)
Linseed Oil (boiled/raw) 64/28 centipoise (cps)
Maple Syrup 144 centipoise (cps)
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) .4 centipoise (cps)
Milk 3 centipoise (cps)
Molasses 5,000 centipoise (cps)
Mustard 70,000 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 10 65 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 20 125 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 30 200 centipoise (cps)
Motor Oil (SAE 10) 50 centipoise (cps)
Motor Oil (SAE 40) 250 centipoise (cps)
Motor Oil (SAE 60) 1,000 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 40 319 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 50 540 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 60 1,000 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 70 1,600 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 80 (trans. grades) 240 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 90 (trans. grades) 590 centipoise (cps)
Oil SAE 140 (trans. grades) 2,200 centipoise (cps)
Oil Caster 240 - 1,000 centipoise (cps)
Oil Core 29 centipoise (cps)
Oil Corn 72 centipoise (cps)
Oil Crude 15 centipoise (cps)
Oil Soybean 160 centipoise (cps)
Peanut Butter (Skippy) 250,000 centipoise (cps)
Salad Dressing (Miracle Whip) 250,000 centipoise (cps)
Shortening (Crisco) 1,200,000 centipoise (cps)
Sulphuric Acid (100%) .2 centipoise (cps)
Toluol .6 centipoise (cps)
Tomato Paste 190,000 centipoise (cps)
Turpentine 1 centipoise (cps)
Varnish (spar) 420 centipoise (cps)
Vaseline Petroleum Jelly 64,000 centipoise (cps)
Water 1 centipoise (cps)
Xylol .6 centipoise (cps)

Flow Through A Tip

Flow = (22 x (Orifice Diameter)2 x Sqrt(Spray Pressure)) / (Specific Gravity)

*Pressure in PSI, Orifice Diameter in Inches, Flow in Gallons Per Minute


Minimum Flow Rates

Circulating of paints and similar materials containing pigments or fillers requires fluid flow velocities high enough to maintain the contained particles in suspension. A velocity of 60 feet per minute has been accepted as a minimum velocity to maintain suspension. For your convenience, we have calculated the minimum flow rates for various size tubes and placed them in a easy to read table below.

* To calculate minimum flow rates for other tube sizes use the following formula: Flow rate(Gallons Per Minute) – 3.11 x Inside Area of tube(Inches2)

Circulating Line Size Minimum Flow Rate
1/4" std. pipe 0.325
3/8" std. pipe 0.595
5/8" O.D. x .035" wall tube 0.75
1/2" std. pipe 0.95
7/8" O.D. x .035" wall tube 1.58
3/4" std. pipe 1.66
1" O.D. x .035" wall tube 2.12
1" std. pipe 2.69
1 1/4" std. pipe 4.66
1 1/2" std. pipe 6.35
2" std. pipe 10.5

 


Conversion Factors

Length
1 in = 25.4 mm = 2.54 cm = .0254 m
1 ft = 12 in = 30.48 cm = .304 m
1 yd = 3 ft = 36 in = .9144 m
1 mile = 1,760 yd = 1.6092 km
1 mm = .1 cm = .0394 in = .003281 ft
1 cm = 10 mm = .01 m = .3937 in = .03281 ft
1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm = 39.365 in = 3.28 ft
1 km = 1000 m = 3280 ft = 0.6214 miles

Weight
1 oz = .0625 lb = 283.5 mg = 28.35 g = .0283 kg
1 lb = 16 oz = 4536 mg = 453.6 g = .4536 kg
1 short ton = 2,000 lb = 907.18 kg
1 long ton = 2,240 lb = 1,016 kg
1 mg = .1 cg = .001 kg = .0035 oz = .0002205 lb
1 g = 1,000 mg = .0353 oz = .00220 lb
1 kg = 1,000 g = 1,000,000 mg = 35.3 oz = 2.2046 lb
1 metric ton = 1000 kg = 2204.61 lb = .9842 long ton

Area
1 in2 = 6.4516 cm2 = 0.0069444 ft2
1 ft2 = 144 in2 = 929.03 cm2 = .0929 m2
1 yd2 = 1296 in2 = 9 ft2 = 0.8361274 m2
1 mile2 = 3,097,600 yd2 = 2,589,988.1 m2 = 2.589 km2
1 cm2 = .0001 m2 = 0.155 in2
1 m2= 10,000 cm2 = 1,550 in2 = 10.764 ft2
1 km2= 1,000,000 m2 = 1,195,990 yd2 = .3861 mile2

Fluid Volume
1 fl oz = .0296 l = .125 cup = .0625 fl pt = .03125 fl qt = .007813 gal
1 l = 33.81 fl oz = 4.227 cup = 2.113 fl pt = 1.057 fl qt = .264 gal
1 cup = 8 fl oz = .2366 l = .5 fl pt = .25 fl qt = .0625 gal
1 fl pt = 16 fl oz = .4732 l = 2 cup = .5 fl qt = 0.125 gal
1 fl qt = 32 fl oz = .9462 l = 4 cup = 2 fl pt = .25 gal
1 gal = 128 fl oz = 3.785 l = 16 cup = 8 fl pt = 4 fl qt

Force & Pressure
1 lb force = 4.448 Newton
24 psi = 1.633 atm = 6.9 kpa = 1.65 bar = 1,241 mm of merc.

Power
1 ft*lb/s = 1.35 W
1 hp = 746 W


Temperature

Fahrenheit = (1.8 x °C) + 32

Celsius = (°F-32)/1.8

Comfortable Room 22 °C 68 °F
Human Body 37 °C 98 °F
Lead Melts 328 °C 622 °F
Baking Over 150 °C 302 °F
Water Boils 100 °C 212 °F
Water Freezes 0 °C 32 °F
Mercury Freezes -40 °C -40 °F

Hardness Comparison Chart

 

Dureometer Scale:

Note: Dur. A = Shore A    Dur. D = Shore D


Reference Numbers:
Human skin = 20 on Dur. A
Pencil eraser = 60 on Dur. A
Auto tire = 75 on Dur. A
Typewriter roller = 90 on Dur. A
Telephone handset = 75 on Dur. D

Hardness Value

A B C D O OO
100 85 77 58    
95 81 70 46    
90 76 59 39    
85 71 52 33    
80 66 47 29 84 98
75 62 42 25 79 97
70 56 37 22 75 95
65 51 32 19 72 95
60 47 28 16 69 93
55 42 24 14 65 91
50 37 20 12 61 90
45 32 17 10 57 88
40 27 14 8 53 86
35 22 12 7 48 83
30 17 9 6 42 80
25 12     35 76
20 6     28 70
15       21 62
10       14 55
5       8 45

 


How Much Paint/Material is in a Length of Hose?

Material Per Length of Hose

Hoses I.D. in Inches Hose Length 25 ft Hose Length 50 ft Hose Length 100 ft
1/4" 8.2oz / 241.3cc 16.4oz / 482.6cc 32.8oz / 965.2cc
5/16" 12.7oz / 377cc 25.4oz / 754cc 50.8oz / 1508cc
3/8" 18.4oz / 543cc 36.8oz / 1086cc 73.06oz(.57gal) / 2172cc
1/2" 32.6oz / 965.3cc 65.2oz(.5gal) / 1930.6cc 130.4oz(1.02gal) / 3860cc
3/4" 73.4oz(.57gal) / 2172cc 146oz(1.1gal) / 4344cc 293.6oz(2.2gal) / 8688cc
1" 130.6oz(1.02gal) / 3861cc 261.2oz(2.04gal) / 7722cc 522.4oz(4.09gal) / 15444cc

Wet Film Thickness vs. Area Conversion

 

Wet Film Thickness (mils.) Approx. Area in Square Feet
1.00 1604
1.50 1069
2.00 802
2.50 642
3.00 535
3.20 501
3.40 472
3.60 446
3.80 422
4.00 401
4.20 382
4.40 365
4.60 349
4.80 334
5.00 321
8.00 201
10.00 160

 

One Gallon Covers this many Square Feet Approx. Wet Film Thickness (mils.)
1000 1.60
950 1.69
900 1.78
850 1.89
800 2.00
775 2.07
750 2.14
725 2.21
700 2.29
675 2.38
650 2.47
625 2.57
600 2.67
575 2.79
550 2.92
525 3.06
500 3.21
300 5.34
100 16.04

 

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